Born in 1917 in Tian’men County, Hubei Province, into a family of carpenters. She began writing poetry in 1936 and was detained and investigated during the Hu Feng Incident in 1955. She was exonerated in 1980.

Zeng Zhuo’s second wife. She met Zeng Zhuo in 1952 when she was working at the Writers’ Association, and before the Hu Feng Incident in 1955, Zeng Zhuo was Xue Ruyin’s leader. At the end of 1961, she married Zeng Zhuo.

Wu Ping was a section chief in the Education Bureau of the Ministry of Railways in 1955 when the Hu Feng Incident broke out. She was suspended from her job for self-reflection due to her husband Niu Han’s involvement. In May 1957, after Niu Han was released, Wu Ping was reassigned as an office secretary. In 1966, on the eve of the Cultural Revolution, she was transferred to the Foreign Languages Department of Northern Jiaotong University as a class teacher. After the Cultural Revolution began, she was forced to perform “labor” and underwent multiple interrogations and struggles. In 1969, she participated in bridge repair work, and was then reassigned as the head of the Revolutionary Committee at a secondary school in Wuhan as a state cadre. After the Cultural Revolution ended, she was transferred back to Beijing.

Of Mongolian ethnicity, originally named Shi Chenghan, born on October 23, 1923 in a farming family with cultural atmosphere in Xiguan, Dingxiang County, Shanxi. He began publishing poems in 1940, and his poem “Ordos Grassland” was published in the Guilin magazine “Poetry Creation” in 1942, starting to draw attention from the literary world. In April 1946, he was arrested for participating in the student movement, charged with “attempted murder” and “obstructing official duties”, and sentenced to one year in prison with a fixed term. He was rescued from prison by the organization, and in June of the same year he joined the Party’s underground work. In 1948, Hu Feng published Niu Han’s poetry collection “Colorful Life”. In May 1955, he was arrested and investigated due to the Hu Feng case, and was labeled as a member of the Hu Feng group. He was released and returned home in May 1957, and was expelled from the Party in the fall of 1957. He was reinstated in the fall of 1980. After being reinstated, he served as a member of the “New Literature Materials”, a member of the China Writers Association, and a member of the editorial committee of the People’s Literature Publishing House.

Originally named Zeng Qingguan, Zeng Zhuo (1922 – April 10, 2002) was from Wuhan, Hubei. He began publishing works in Chongqing and Guilin newspapers in 1939. In 1940, he met Hu Feng through Zou Difan. On the night of May 16, 1955, around midnight, he was arrested in Wuhan due to the Hu Feng case. On March 27, 1957, due to illness, he was released on medical parole. The first news he received after being released from prison was that his wife had filed for divorce. In 1958, he was sent to work in a rural commune on the outskirts of Wuhan, where he worked as a store clerk, cattle herder, and warehouse keeper. In the autumn of 1961, he returned to the city and was assigned as a playwright at the Wuhan People’s Art Theatre. He was exonerated in 1980.

His real name was Liu Renfu, also known as Liu Banjiu. Born in 1922 in Huangpi County, Hubei. From 1941 to 1944, he studied in the Department of Foreign Literature at Fudan University in Chongqing. Before 1949, he was engaged in English teaching; after 1949, he worked in news, foreign publicity, and foreign literature editing and publishing. In 1987, he retired from the position of deputy editor-in-chief of the People’s Literature Publishing House. Luyuan began learning to write in 1940, and in 1942, the poet and critic Hu Feng published his poetry collection “Fairy Tale” for him. “Fairy Tale” drew attention for its rich imagination and innovative expression techniques. Literary historians called Luyuan a representative poet of the “July Poetry School”. On May 17, 1955, he was isolated and imprisoned alone for more than 5 years, and on June 5, 1962, he was “released without prosecution”.

Zhang Xiaofeng, Hu Feng’s daughter. Born in 1939 in Chongqing, Hubei Province. Researcher at the Contemporary Literature Research Office of the Chinese Academy of Arts Research. Member of the China Writers Association. Once served as Hu Feng’s secretary, assisting Hu Feng’s work. After Hu Feng’s death, she mainly engaged in sorting, publishing, and researching Hu Feng’s works, and wrote articles in related areas. Her main works include “Nine Deaths Unregretted – A Biography of Hu Feng”, “My Father Hu Feng”, and she edited more than a dozen related books such as “The Complete Works of Hu Feng” and “Hu Feng and I – Thirty-seven People’s Memories of the Hu Feng Incident”.

Zhang Xiaogu, the eldest son of Hu Feng. Born in 1934, he had a wandering childhood following his parents. He joined the Communist Party in 1951. In 1952, he was admitted to the East China Aeronautical Institute in Nanjing, and a year later, he was sent to study in the Soviet Union. In 1955, due to issues with his father, he was called back to China ahead of time. (In 1956, he and the school moved to Xi’an, and the school was renamed Xi’an Aeronautical Institute.) In 1956, he stayed at the school to pursue graduate studies and later became a faculty member after graduation. During the Cultural Revolution, he was persecuted due to his family background and underwent reform through labor. Later, he became a professor, doctoral supervisor, and director of the Aircraft Design Research Institute at Beihang University (formerly Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics). His main research focused on helicopter dynamics, helicopter design, and helicopter testing techniques. His major achievements included research on ground and air resonance in helicopters, as well as the design and testing of composite rotor blades. He is currently retired.

In 1944, she married Lü Yuan. In 1955, when Lü Yuan was arrested in the Hu Feng case, Luo Hui was isolated for self-reflection for a year. In 1957, she was labeled a “Rightist of the Six Categories” and left her job at the Workers’ Daily. In early 1959, she was sent to work at the Beijing People’s Machine Factory, where she performed physically demanding jobs like hauling coal, hauling sand, and washing coal. After the factory downsized, Luo Hui was assigned to tasks such as cleaning toilets, farming, growing cabbages, washing clothes, and tending to cabbages. In 1962, she was transferred from the vegetable garden to the technical department as a draftsman. During the Cultural Revolution, she experienced various hardships, being transferred from the technical department to the workshop for “supervised labor.” In 1978, she retired from the factory. Luo Hui and Lü Yuan had two sons and two daughters. In 1976, during the turmoil when Lü Yuan was accused of being a spy, one of Lü Yuan’s sons-in-law divorced his younger daughter on the grounds of “political issues” and took their newborn son away, causing Lü Yuan’s younger daughter to suffer from mental illness.

Mei Zhi, originally named Tu Jiaohua (1914 – October 8, 2004), was from Wujin, Jiangsu. In 1932, she joined the Left League and participated in the National Literature and Art Anti-Enemy Association during the War of Resistance. In the summer of 1933, she met Hu Feng due to work related to the Left League, and married Hu Feng in December 1933. In 1955, she was arrested due to the Hu Feng Counter-Revolutionary Clique Case. In 1959, she was released from prison to handle her mother’s funeral, but was still unable to reunite with Hu Feng. In 1965, ten years after being separated, she visited Hu Feng in Qincheng Prison. At the end of 1965, Hu Feng was sentenced to 14 years in prison with forced labor but was allowed to serve “reformed custody” at home, reuniting with Mei Zhi. Three months after their reunion in 1966, Hu Feng was forced to go to Sichuan, and Mei Zhi followed him. In November 1967, Hu Feng was notified to leave the Miaoxi Tea Farm in Sichuan. In early 1973, after being separated from Hu Feng for five years, Mei Zhi was assigned to the Chuandong Prison where Hu Feng was held to take care of him. Mei Zhi spent 10 years in labor camps and prisons, providing the greatest support to Hu Feng.

Born in 1917 in Shanghai, originally named Yu Wenyuan. She began writing at the age of 16 and entered Datong University in 1933. Due to persecution by the Kuomintang, she fled to Japan in 1934. She studied at the University of Tokyo and Waseda University successively. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, she returned to China and joined the Chinese Communist Party in the same year. In mid-May 1955, due to the Hu Feng case, she was isolated and detained, and officially arrested in early 1955. She was initially held in solitary confinement and later in a group cell. In March 1956, she was released and sent to a labor reform farm in Zhejiang, where she remained until October 1980 after the Hu Feng case was overturned and her party membership and original treatment were restored. This reunited her family, and she settled in Ningbo. She served as the chairman of the Ningbo Writers’ Association.

Lu Ling (January 23, 1923 (or 1922, according to the book “Wo yu Hu Feng”) – February 12, 1994), originally named Xu Sixing, was a native of Wuwei, Anhui Province, and was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. At the age of 16, he published his debut novel “On the Guerrilla Front Line” in Da Gong Bao. In 1940, at the age of 17, his short story “After the ‘Fortress’ Withdrew – The Encounter of a Young Agent” was published in the magazine “July” edited by Hu Feng, and he became a leading writer of the “July Poetry School” in the 1930s and 1940s. After 1942, the under-20-year-old Lu Ling reached his creative peak, writing the novella “Hungry Guo Suniang” (published in 1944), praised by Shao Quanlin as “shining a brilliant light in the new realist literature of China,” and the longest novel at that time, “The Children of the Wealthy” (1945), depicting the life of intellectuals from feudal families. He participated in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea from 1952 to 1953 and wrote “Early Snow” and “Battle on the Trench.” On May 21, 1955, he was arrested in Beijing and imprisoned as a bachelor. (According to Yu Mingying’s recollection of Li Hui, it was June 16.) In 1960, he was sent to Qincheng Prison. In 1964, he developed schizophrenia, and in 1975, after serving his sentence, he was released and worked as a street sweeper under political supervision. In 1980, he was exonerated and returned to the Chinese Dramatists Association.

Born in 1919 in Kaifeng, Henan, a native of Xiangyin, Hunan. In 1942, he joined the Chinese Wan Sui Theatre Troupe and began self-studying writing under the guidance of others. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he returned to Shanghai and worked as a reporter for the New People’s Evening News. On June 8, 1955, he was arrested in Shanghai due to the Hu Feng case. He was released and returned home in September 1956 and was assigned to work at the Mass Culture Museum. In 1958, without a court trial, he was sent to labor reform camps in Gansu, Xinjiang, and other places. He was released in 1979 and his case was overturned in 1980. He is currently retired.

Born in 1919 in Fuyang, Zhejiang. He began publishing poetry and prose in newspapers in 1931. After liberation, He Manzi was recommended by his friend Jia Zhifang to teach in the Chinese Department of Zhenda University. He Manzi had never had any dealings with Hu Feng before being implicated in the Hu Feng case, and they did not know each other. Due to his deep friendship with Jia Zhifang, he was officially arrested by the Shanghai Public Security Bureau on May 17, 1955 for the Hu Feng case, and was isolated and detained. In July 1956, he was transferred to the Shanghai Public Security Bureau’s First Detention Center in Nanjing for more than two months, and was released in late September and arranged to work at the Classical Literature Publishing House. In 1956, because he did not accept the handling of the Hu Feng case, he was labeled as a Rightist. In early September 1957, his entire family went to support construction in Ningxia. In the autumn of 1960, after the “Double Anti-Movement” was launched in Ningxia, he was sent to a labor reform farm. At the end of 1960, he was sentenced to labor education, but due to his physical weakness and inability to work, the labor education farm rejected him, so he was detained in the public security bureau detention center. In May 1961, he was released for medical treatment due to illness. In 1964, he was transferred back to Shanghai. After the beginning of the Cultural Revolution in 1966, he was sent back to his hometown village. In 1978, his Rightist hat was removed, and in 1981, he was completely exonerated.

Zhang Xiaoshan, the second son of Hu Feng, was born on October 27, 1947. He spent his childhood in Shanghai, and in 1953 he moved to Beijing to live with his parents. In 1954, he attended Taiping Street Primary School, and in 1956, he transferred to Chaoyangmen Primary School due to a move. In 1960, he was admitted to Beijing No. 4 High School, and graduated from high school in 1966. However, due to the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, he stayed at No. 4 High School for another two years. In September 1968, he was sent to Tumotezuoqi (now part of the suburbs of Hohhot) in Inner Mongolia as a sent-down youth. In early 1976, as a “worker-peasant-soldier student,” he went to study agricultural science at Bayannaoer in Inner Mongolia. During the Cultural Revolution, due to his father’s issue, he was prohibited from returning to Beijing. So during his sent-down period, he never returned to Beijing. In 1977, when the college entrance examination was restored, he achieved outstanding results, but the Beijing Higher Education Bureau decided that due to his family’s issue, he could not study in Beijing or study literature. He was then admitted to the Mathematics Department of Hohhot Normal School. However, due to his love for literature and the regulations from above, he changed his major to the Foreign Language Department within the arts and sciences. Later, he was admitted to the 1979 graduate program in Agricultural Economics at Renmin University of China. In July 1982, he graduated and was awarded a Master’s degree in Economics in December 1982. In October 1993, he became the Deputy Director of a research institute at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and began receiving a special government allowance. In January 1997, he was awarded the title of Outstanding Young Expert by the State Personnel Ministry. In July 1999, based on equivalent academic qualifications, he passed the doctoral course examinations and thesis defense in Agricultural Economics and Management at the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and was awarded a Ph.D. in Management. He is currently the Director of the Rural Development Research Institute at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, with research interests in macroeconomics, brand strategy, business management, and urbanization.

Du Gu’s wife. Born in 1931 (uncertain), got to know Du Gu in the early 1940s. After Du Gu was arrested in the Hu Feng case in 1955, Xia Jia was also severely impacted because she resolutely refused to confess Du Gu’s counter-revolutionary issues and Hu Feng’s counter-revolutionary issues, and was severely warned and punished by her work unit.

Born in 1918 to a wealthy merchant family. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, she moved with her school to Sichuan, and later enrolled in the accounting department of Xi’an Commercial Specialized School. In 1941 (at age 23), she met Jia Zhifang. In 1955, when the Hu Feng incident broke out, the couple was separated for 11 years. In 1958, Ren Min was exiled to teach at an elementary school in the Qinghai mountainous region. Half a year later, she was imprisoned on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for being accused of “attempting to redress the Hu Feng counter-revolutionary clique”. In 1962, after the Great Famine following the Great Leap Forward, the prison released inmates. After being released, Ren Min returned to her husband’s hometown of Houxun Village, Xiangfen County, Shanxi. In 1966, after Jia Zhifang was released from prison, Ren Min reunited with him in Shanghai. From 1967 to 1978, Ren Min visited Jia Zhifang in Shanghai every one or two years. In 1980, after Jia Zhifang was exonerated, he resumed his professorship at Fudan University, and Ren Min was also exonerated and retired from her elementary school job in Qinghai to reunite with Jia Zhifang, although her household registration and personnel files remained in Qinghai. In 2000, Ren Min suffered a stroke and became a vegetative state. Jia Zhifang would talk to her every day and always sit by her bedside at night to recount his day’s activities to her, and he would massage her feet to keep them warm before leaving to rest. A year and a half later, a miracle happened and Ren Min woke up from her vegetative state. However, this happy time was short-lived, and she passed away not long after. On the afternoon of November 20, 2002, Ren Min left this world at the age of 84.

Born in 1917, passed away at 4 am on January 29, 2007 due to heart disease at the age of 90. Hu Zheng, originally named Hu Qiuping, was from Dawu County, Hubei Province. He began publishing works in 1935 and served as the editor of the poetry journal “Spring Tide”. In January 1938, he joined the revolution and became a member of the Communist Party in Yan’an that same year. In 1945, he published poems in the journal “Hope” edited by Hu Feng. During the Liberation War, he served as a war correspondent for the Second Field Army. His representative works include the poetry collection “The Long March” and “The Rostrum”. In 1955, he was arrested and investigated due to the Hu Feng case. He was exonerated in the 1980s.

Geng Yong’s student, married Geng Yong in 1988, author of ‘Random Notes from the House of No Dreams’ and ‘Love and Persistence’.

Born on October 11, 1915 in Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province. In the mid-1920s, he left home for Taiyuan to attend secondary school, where he was exposed to the new cultural tide and literary works, and began contributing to local newspapers under the pen name “Lenghun”. He was arrested and imprisoned for participating in the patriotic student movement that broke out in 1935 known as the “December 9th Movement”. After being released from prison in 1936, he went to Japan to study social sciences at the University of Tokyo. In 1936, he became acquainted with the editor Hu Feng and became a contributor to “Hope” and “July Literary Series” after submitting to the journal “Work and Study Series” published in Shanghai. In 1937, after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he abandoned his studies in Japan and returned to China to join the war effort. Shortly before the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he was engaged in anti-Japanese activities in the Xuzhou area and was arrested and imprisoned by the Japanese puppet regime, but was released after Japan’s surrender. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he briefly served as the editor of the “Current News” supplement “Qingguang”. In 1947, he was arrested and imprisoned by the Nationalist Party special agents, and was released from prison in the fall of 1948. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he served as a professor and department head of the Chinese department at Shanghai Tongji University. On May 15, 1955, he was arrested and investigated in connection with the Hu Feng case and was imprisoned for 11 years. In late March 1966, he was sentenced to 12 years in prison as a “core member of the Hu Feng Counter-Revolutionary Clique” and was sent back to his original work unit for “supervised reform”. By the end of 1980, he was declared innocent, and his political reputation and original job title were restored. He later served as a professor at Fudan University, a doctoral supervisor, a member of the China Writers Association, a member of the Shanghai Writers Association, the honorary president of the Chinese Comparative Literature Association, an advisor to the Chinese Modern Literature Research Association, the president of the Chinese Literary History Materials Association, and the president of the Shanghai Comparative Literature Association. Due to insufficient teaching experience, he did not meet the requirements for the professor title and retired as a teacher with the lowest pension.

His real name is Chen Xingzhong, a native of Tianmen, Hubei Province. Born in December 1920 in Java, Dutch East Indies (now the Republic of Indonesia). He returned to China for education in his childhood. In 1937, he met Hu Feng. In January 1940, he published his first poem in the magazine “July”. He graduated from Fudan University in Shanghai in 1947. He has worked as a teacher, literary editor, and the head of the Zhejiang Writers’ Association’s creative writing group. On May 21, 1955, he was arrested and tried in Hangzhou due to the Hu Feng case, and was sent to a labor reform farm. In March 1981, he was acquitted and reinstated as a professional writer.

Wu Zhonghua, wife of He Manzi. From a family of scholars, her grandfather Wu Guangyao was a famous calligrapher. In the 1940s, when He Manzi was an editor for the literary supplement of the Huangpu Daily in Chengdu, she met Wu Zhonghua. They married in Chengdu in 1944. After liberation, Wu Zhonghua worked as a reporter for Shanghai People’s Radio Station. In 1955, during the Hu Feng incident, Wu Zhonghua was isolated for rectification for 3 months, and his program was suspended. That same year (needs verification), He Manzi’s brother, who worked as a technician at a shipyard in Jiangnan, was implicated in the Hu Feng case and committed suicide, and Wu Zhonghua was responsible for handling the aftermath. In 1958, Wu Zhonghua was labeled a rightist and his entire family was exiled to Qinghai, where he taught at a school. In 1960, He Manzi was released to return to her hometown in Zhejiang due to illness, and Wu Zhonghua left Ningxia with their two daughters. During the Cultural Revolution, Wu Zhonghua was repeatedly criticized and humiliated. In the 1970s, he was allowed to teach at a community-run private school. In 1978, he was rehabilitated as a rightist.

Yu Mingying, a native of Shashi, Hubei Province, studied at Guoli Lianhezhi High School. She first met Lu Ling in Chongqing in 1942. On May 1944, Yu Mingying and Lu Ling got married in Beibei, Chongqing. After moving to Chongqing, she first worked at the Central News Agency and the radio station. In 1954, due to poor health, she resigned from the Academy of Sciences and returned home. In 1955, when the Hu Feng incident broke out, Lu Ling was arrested, and the family lost its source of income, with the eldest of their three daughters being only 10 years old. Yu Mingying maintained the living of the four-person family with the monthly living allowance and savings from Lu Ling’s former workplace. Shortly after the Cultural Revolution began, Lu Ling’s former workplace canceled the monthly living allowance. Yu Mingying had to work temporary jobs for the neighborhood to support her family. In 1981, after being rehabilitated and reinstated, Lu Ling had an opportunity to travel, and Yu Mingying accompanied him. However, on the way to their trip in Dezhou, Shandong, Yu Mingying suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and fainted, leaving her with a paralyzed lower body a few months later. Yu Mingying’s eldest daughter Xu Shaoyu graduated from high school in 1963 (to be verified) and was assigned to be a primary school teacher. Her second and third daughters were sent to work in Inner Mongolia in 1968. In 1975, after Lu Ling was released from prison, with the help of the organization, the second daughter returned to Beijing from Inner Mongolia and was assigned to work as a loader and unloader in a company. In 1978, the youngest daughter returned to Beijing and worked as a bookbinder in a factory in the neighborhood.

Born in 1923, originally named Yang Zhujian, from Yuncheng, Shandong. At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, he followed his school to evacuate to Luojiang, Sichuan to attend middle school. At that time, he participated in progressive student activities and began to publish works. In 1944, he published “The Camel and the Star” in “Hope”. In the summer of 1955, he was isolated and investigated due to the Hu Feng case. After being released, he worked in administration at a factory, and in 1976 he was transferred to the “Hunan Ci Yuan Revision Group” as one of the leaders of the editorial group. He was redressed in the early 1980s.

Born in 1928, the first wife of Geng Yong. In 1955, when the Hu Feng Incident broke out, Geng Yong and Wang Hao were both arrested and imprisoned (needs verification). In 1957, during the Anti-Rightist Movement, she was verbally labeled as a rightist. Unable to bear the humiliation, she left behind three young sons and her elderly mother, and committed suicide by drowning herself. She was only 29 years old.

Originally named Liu Xirong, his ancestral home is in Yangzhou, Jiangsu. He was born on November 1, 1920 in Nanjing. He attended the Central University Experimental School (the former Southeast University Attached Middle School, the alma mater of Hu Feng and Ba Jin). In 1937, he published essays in newspapers and edited the poetry journal “Ya Ge” with classmates. In 1942, at Hu Feng’s invitation, he compiled the poetry collection “Dream of Mud” which was included in the first volume of “July Poetry Series”, but it could not be published due to failing the Nationalist book censorship. On June 6, 1955, he was arrested in Beijing due to the Hu Feng case. He was expelled from the party as a “core member of the Hu Feng group” and imprisoned for 10 months. In July 1956, he resumed work, and in 1961 he was transferred to teach in middle schools in Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Miancheng. He was rehabilitated and reinstated as a party member in 1979. In 1980, he was transferred to Chengdu, where he successively served as a member of the party committee, deputy editor-in-chief, and editor of Sichuan People’s Publishing House, and as a consultant for Sichuan Publishing Group. He retired in 1988.

Originally named Zheng Bingzhong, he was born in 1922 in Sumatra, Indonesia. His ancestral home was in Zhangzhou, Fujian, and he was a registered resident of Penghu, Taiwan. On May 15, 1955, he was arrested in the Hu Feng case, and was released on March 24, 1966. In April 1966, he was arranged to work in the Cihai Dictionary editing department of Zhonghua Book Company (now Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House), but worked there for less than 50 days before the Cultural Revolution broke out. Geng Yong began to be criticized and beaten many times. He was vindicated in September 1980. After 2003, he gradually entered a state of senile dementia. When hospitalized, he always felt that someone was watching and coming to arrest him, unable to remember anything else, but this feeling never left him, and his condition in the hospital became more serious. Therefore, he could only be treated at home.

Gu Zhengnan’s wife. Since Hu Feng served as the officiant for Fang Peixuan and Gu Zhengnan’s wedding, Fang was regarded as “Hu Feng’s adopted daughter” during the Hu Feng case, and thus she suffered persecution. During the Cultural Revolution, she was criticized and detained in a damp room, sleeping on the cement floor every day, suffering severe physical and mental damage. She passed away from bone cancer in 1988.

Born on November 23, 1925 in Shanghai, from Yun County, Zhejiang. Met Hu Feng in 1945. Graduated from the Shanghai Civil Journalism Professional School in 1946, and became a reporter for the Su’nan Times Daily led by the underground Communist Party. After liberation, he worked as a reporter for the Zhejiang Daily. On May 14, 1955, he was arrested due to the Hu Feng case and released without prosecution on November 1956. In May 1980, he was rehabilitated and retired in 1992.

Wu Jiaru, born in 1934. In March 1956, she was introduced to Hua Tie, who was 9 years older than her. At that time, Hua Tie had just been released without prosecution and was waiting for job assignment. Three months after they met, the two got married in June 1956. In the 8th month after their marriage, in February 1958, Hua Tie was identified as a “core member of the Hu Feng Clique” and was dismissed from the military and public office. Since then, Wu Jiaru accompanied Hua Tie through more than 20 years of hardship.

Originally named Hang Xing. Born in April 1925 in Dongtai, Jiangsu province. Before liberation, he taught at the Shanghai Minzhong School and edited the poetry journal “Weiyang Shikan” in his spare time. Shortly after liberation, he worked in the Propaganda Department of the East China Bureau of the Communist Party of China, and edited the literary monthly “Qidian” in his spare time. In 1952, he was assigned to work as an editor at the Shanghai New Literature and Art Publishing House. In 1955, he was imprisoned for more than a year due to the Hu Feng Case. After his release, he was assigned to work as an editor at the Shanghai Education Publishing House. In the winter of 1958, he was sent to Ningxia as a “border support personnel” and taught in a rural elementary school. In May 1980, his case was overturned, his party membership was restored, and he was assigned to work as the president of the Ningxia People’s Publishing House. He is now retired and has moved his family back to Shanghai, residing in the suburbs.

Wei Mingzhen, a Suzhou native, graduated from a medical school in 1949. She met Luo Fei at the hospital where she worked, and they married soon after. In 1955, Luo Fei was arrested due to the Hu Feng case, and Wei Mingzhen was also isolated and investigated. In 1958, Luo Fei was sent to Ningxia, and Wei Mingzhen repeatedly applied to a hospital in Shanghai to go to Ningxia as well. A few months after Luo Fei left, she also came to Ningxia and worked at the Ningxia People’s Hospital, but could only work as a nurse. Due to her outstanding performance, she was appointed as the acting head nurse. During the Cultural Revolution, she was “sent down” by the Ningxia People’s Hospital to work as a barefoot doctor in the countryside. In 1980, after the Hu Feng case was overturned, Luo Fei was transferred to work at the Ningxia People’s Publishing House, and Wei Mingzhen also returned to the Ningxia People’s Hospital.

Peng Yanjiao, born in 1920, was from Putian, Fujian. After 1938, she served as a propagandist for the New Fourth Army, a member of the Battlefield Service Team, a director of the Guilin Branch of the National Anti-Enemy Association of Chinese Literary and Art Circles, and an editor of the Literary Supplement of Guangming Daily. In the summer of 1938, she got acquainted with Hu Feng through submitting her writings. In June 1955, she was arrested due to the Hu Feng Case and was imprisoned alone for 21 months at 5 different locations. After her release, she was assigned to work at the Flower Drum Opera Troupe in Hunan. During the Great Leap Forward in 1959, she opened a toy factory with 50 yuan (and 25 yuan from a local police officer, totaling 75 yuan), starting with only 3 workers in the first year and expanding to 121 workers in the second year. Due to the factory’s outstanding performance, she was cleared of the label of being a “Hu Feng element” in 1959. During the Cultural Revolution, the factory was doing well and supported many idle people, so she was not persecuted. After being rehabilitated in the 1980s, she served as an Associate Professor of Chinese Literature at Hunan University and a Professor of Chinese Literature at Xiangtan University. She began publishing her works in 1939 and authored poetry collections such as “Selected Poems of Peng Yanjiao”, “Trekking on the Plateau”, and the commentary collection “Discussing Poetry with Liang Liang”. She also edited works such as “Poetry Translation Garden”, “Selected Translations of Modern Prose Poetry”, and “Dictionary of Foreign Poetry”.

Originally named Luo Zepu, he was born in February 1927 in Chengdu, Sichuan. In the 1940s, he studied at Chengdu Huaxi Associated University. Starting in 1945, he published poems, essays, articles and translations in newspapers and magazines, and participated in editing poetry journals such as “Bifang”, “Beixing”, and “Huxi”. In July 1948, he met Feng Hu. In the early 1950s, he worked as a reporter for “Youth Newspaper” and an editor at New Literature and Art Publishing House in Shanghai. In 1955, he was implicated in the Feng Hu case, isolated and investigated, and left literary work. He was released and returned home in November 1956, and later worked as an editor at the Shanghai Publishing Bureau. In 1958, he was transferred to Qinghai and entered the scientific field. After being vindicated in 1980, he served as deputy director and associate researcher at the Northwest Plateau Biology Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and director of the Lanzhou Library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Born in 1920 in Guixi, Jiangxi. He came from a poor family and worked as a shop assistant and teacher in his early years. During the Anti-Japanese War, he engaged in cultural activities in Chengdu, organized the “Pingxuan Poetry Society” with Du Gu, and participated in the democratic struggle against the Kuomintang. After the liberation, he served as the Secretary-General of the Shanghai Federation of Literary and Art Circles. In mid-May 1955, he was arrested due to the Hu Feng case and was labeled a “core member”. Released in 1965, but during the Cultural Revolution in 1966, he was sent to the Yangliuqing Labor Farm for reform through labor. He passed away due to a cerebral hemorrhage on March 31, 1973. A memorial service was held for him in 1981, and he was posthumously rehabilitated. His published works include the poetry collection “We Are Happy”, the novel “People in the Waves”, and the play script “The Second Spring”.

Originally named Hou Honghi, born in 1935 in Tianjin. In his youth, he studied in Tianjin and Shanxi. After graduating from a normal school in 1952, he was assigned to work as a teacher in a workers’ school at the Kailuan Coal Mine in Tangshan. Around this time, he began writing part-time and had his works published in newspapers and magazines. Later, he worked for the Tianjin Writers’ Association as an editor. In 1955, while preparing to take the university entrance exam, he met the poet A Hei and learned writing from him. Due to this connection, he was implicated in the Hu Feng case and labeled a “Hu Feng element”. Subsequently, in 1957, he was further labeled a “rightist” and was sent to farms, rural areas, and factories for long periods of manual labor. In 1979, the “rightist” label was completely cleared, and in 1980, the Hu Feng case was also completely resolved. In 1980, he returned to the Tianjin Writers’ Association, first working as an editor and later becoming a professional writer.

Born in 1945, spent childhood in Chengdu, Sichuan. In 1950, moved to Tianjin to live with his father A Luo. In 1955, when A Luo was arrested in the Hu Feng case, Chen Pei was 10 years old and in 3rd grade of elementary school. He lived on the income from A Luo’s writing fees, under the care of the Tianjin Public Security Bureau. In late December 1961, due to the impact of his family background, Chen Pei attended Tianjin No. 1 Technical School after graduating from middle school, studying milling. In September 1963, he was assigned to a repair factory of the Tanggu Transportation Company as a repair worker. In April-May 1970, he met his lover and later married her. After the Cultural Revolution ended, he attended a part-time university. In 1980, A Luo was exonerated, and Chen Pei’s situation gradually improved. He became a workshop technician from being a worker, and later transitioned to a cadre status. Around 1987, he was transferred from the factory to the Tianjin Machinery Research Institute, gradually promoted to senior engineer, and retired in 2000.

The wife of Lu Mei, born in Beijing in October 1925. Joined the revolution in 1946. Graduated from the Northern University of Hebei, Shandong, Henan, and Shanxi Art College in 1949. After going to Beijing in 1949, she worked in the Cultural Troupe of the North China Revolutionary University. In 1953, she was transferred to the Creative Studio of the Art Bureau of the Ministry of Culture, and in 1956 to the Creative Committee of the Chinese Dramatists Association. In 1958, she was transferred to work for the Drama Magazine of the Dramatists Association. She served as editor, deputy director, and editorial committee member of the magazine. Her job title was deputy editor. She is a member of the Chinese Dramatists Association.
She joined the Communist Party of China in 1979. She retired in December 1985.
She was once divorced from Lu Mei.
Her only daughter suffers from schizophrenia.

Born in May 1927 in Chongqing, Sichuan. Wife of Lu Dian. Studied at Chengdu Huamei Girls’ Middle School. In the summer of 1945, she met Hu Feng through Lu Dian. After liberation, she served as the director of the publicity department of the Shijiazhuang Municipal Women’s Federation, the director of the publicity section of the Tianjin Municipal General Labor Union, and a staff member of the Propaganda Department of the Huabei Bureau of the Communist Party of China before the Hu Feng case. In 1955, she was implicated in the Hu Feng case and isolated for investigation for half a year. After the investigation ended, she was not allowed to work. During the Anti-Rightist Movement in 1957, she was labeled as a “sympathizer of the Hu Feng group”, had her salary suspended, and was given 56 yuan per month for living expenses. Later, an official from the Central Propaganda Department asked Li Jialing to divorce Lu Dian and marry him, promising to lift all administrative sanctions against her. Li Jialing firmly refused, and in 1961 she was transferred from the Central Propaganda Department to work at the Tianjin Museum. In 1961, she was allowed to visit her husband Lu Dian in prison for the first time. In 1965, Li Jialing was notified to pick up Lu Dian from prison, who had by then suffered from mental disorders. Under Li Jialing’s careful care, Lu Dian regained his memory. During the Cultural Revolution in 1966, Li Jialing and Lu Dian were subjected to struggle sessions and forced labor reform, during which Li Jialing had a miscarriage. Afterward, Lu Dian was sent to work on a farm, separated from Li Jialing. In 1970, Lu Dian suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and was hospitalized, and Li Jialing was allowed to reunite with and care for him. Lu Dian suffered from hemiplegia, language impairment, and memory loss due to the cerebral hemorrhage, and he passed away in 1973. Li Jialing was exonerated in 1980 and returned to work at the Propaganda Department of the Beijing Municipal Committee.

Originally named Liu Dexin, born on August 18, 1925 in the lunar calendar in Wuhan, Hubei. A few months later, her father passed away. At the age of 14, she came to Chongqing. In 1940, during her internship period at the Beibei Metallurgy Research Institute, she met Lu Ling and developed a keen interest in literature and began trying her hand at writing. In 1943, she met Hu Feng. In 1948, she co-edited “Ant Collection” with Ouyang Zhuang in Shanghai, with a total of three issues. After the liberation, she co-edited one issue of “Starting Point” with Mei Zhi, Luo Luo, and Luo Fei. During the Korean War in the 1950s, she served as the meteorological director for a fighter squadron. On May 19, 1955 (or May 16, according to another account), she was arrested due to the Hu Feng case when she was a meteorological staff officer in the Nanjing Air Force. She was deemed a “core member” in the Hu Feng case. In late 1956, after more than a year in prison, she was released without prosecution. In February 1958, she was dismissed from her job and discharged from the military. For the next 26 years, she made a living as a temporary laborer. During the Cultural Revolution, her entire family was expelled from Nanjing and exiled to Sichuan. After the end of the Cultural Revolution, she returned to Nanjing and worked in a vegetable market. Around 1985, the Hu Feng case was largely redressed, but there was no news about Hua Tie. Geng Yong, entrusted by Hu Feng’s associates, asked Hua Tian to search for her. Hua Tian went from one vegetable market to another in Nanjing until he finally found Hua Tie, and her case for redress began, which was already close to the late 1980s. However, her salary and benefits were never restored, with the reason being that local authorities did not handle such matters. As a result, Hua Tie has lived on a meager retirement pension from her work at the vegetable market.

Ouyang Zhuang’s wife, born in 1948, 19 years younger than Ouyang Zhuang. In 1982, when she married Ouyang Zhuang, she was an ordinary female worker (need to verify, a female worker from where?). In the summer of 1987, a child was born and named Ouyang Kuan.

Married to Bai Sha in 1949. After Bai Sha was labeled a Rightist, her salary was suspended and the family lost its source of livelihood. She survived by eating wild vegetables, picking vegetables, and gathering vegetable seeds.

Born in January 1922. A native of Zigong, Sichuan, originally named Xie Daolu. Graduated from Jinling University. In 1944, he joined the revolutionary activities and served as the director of the Propaganda Department of the People’s Consultative Conference in Chengdu. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1946 and worked as a reporter for the Xinhua Daily in Chongqing. After the breakdown of the Communist-Nationalist negotiations, he withdrew to Yan’an and served as a reporter for the Liberation Daily and the editor-in-chief of the Xinhua News Agency. In 1948, he was transferred to the North China University to serve as a philosophy instructor and the secretary of the Party branch of the Department of Social Sciences. In 1950, when Renmin University of China was established, he served as the director of the Marxist-Leninist Teaching and Research Office, and later as an associate professor and professor. On May 17, 1955, he was arrested due to the Hu Feng case. He was exonerated in 1980. In the winter of 1982, he became the executive vice president of Renmin University of China. In 1986, he served as the first vice president of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He retired in 1990.

Born in November 1921 in a rural area of Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province. Graduated from the Chinese Language and Literature Department of Northeastern University after the Anti-Japanese War. In the winter of 1945, he got to know Hu Feng through Lu Mei, and worked at People’s Daily after liberation (not sure). From 1950 to 1951, Xu Fang and poet Yan Chen co-edited the first poetry anthology “Realistic Poetry Series” after the establishment of New China. On May 18, 1955, he was arrested due to the Hu Feng incident and was identified as a “core member of the Hu Feng Counter-Revolutionary Group”. On August 4, 1960, he was transferred to Qincheng Prison. He was released in 1965 and worked as a laborer in the administrative department of Beijing Qinghe Chemical Plant during the Cultural Revolution, doing physical labor such as repairing houses, kneading mud, hauling tiles, and carrying ash every day. In late October 1969, he was sent to the Tawan Brigade of Tianshui Commune in Liaoyang, 140 li east of Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province, to undergo labor reform. On January 13, 1979, he was transferred back to the newspaper by the decision of the Ministry of Public Security. He was declared innocent in 1980.

Wife of Ji Xun. Born in 1919, passed away due to illness at 9:20 pm on March 18, 2007 at the age of 88. In 1955, after Ji Xun was arrested in the Hu Feng case, Yin Rongxian had just given birth but the investigation on her lasted 14 months before she resumed work. Her younger brother Yin Liqi (born 1936) was also implicated in the Hu Feng case due to his kinship with Ji Xun and interest in poetry, and was treated as a psychiatric patient. In 1958, Yin Liqi had a mental breakdown and pushed his mother, causing her to fall and die from a cerebral hemorrhage. Yin Liqi passed away in 1966. Around June 10, 1962 (or 1964, needs to be checked), when Yin Rongxian’s elder son Yin Chen was 9 years old, he was isolated in a clinic for red eye disease and suffered from diarrhea due to cold. Yin Rongxian wanted to take care of him but was assigned to take 40 students to a park. When she returned in the evening, Yin Chen had died on the hard wooden bed in the isolation room. During the Cultural Revolution in 1966, Yin Rongxian was isolated and investigated again. Her elder son, after graduating from middle school, was sent to Beidahuang, and could not return to Hangzhou due to his family background. In 1973, to help her son change his situation, Yin Rongxian asked Ji Xun, who was in a labor reform camp, for a divorce and he quickly agreed, but her son still could not return to Hangzhou. In 1979, there was a policy that allowed educated youths in rural areas to take their parents’ jobs in cities, so Yin Rongxian retired and let her son work in the school factory where she used to work. In 1981, after being exonerated, Ji Xun returned to Hangzhou and met with Yin Rongxian, but her son refused to accept him. In 1982, her son brought Ji Xun, who was sleeping on the office floor, back home to live together. In her later years, Yin Rongxian became blind and deaf, and her life was very difficult. On the day she passed away, her children and the doctor decided to tell Ji Xun the news while she was receiving an intravenous drip. Ji Xun cried uncontrollably, saying “We have not lived together for most of our lives, but you suffered so much for me, I’m sorry!” The doctor had put a sedative in the drip, and Ji Xun fell asleep while crying.

Born in 1926, Chen Jun was the younger brother of Feng Hu (from a different mother), 19 years younger than Feng Hu. He was born into a well-off family, but the family’s wealth declined in the 1920s. In 1944, Chen Jun first met Feng Hu when the latter had just graduated from the Whampoa Military Academy. Due to Feng Hu’s relationship and family background issues, in 1961, Chen Jun worked in the technical department of a labor education unit in Hangzhou (in his own words: “Before the liberation, I had this history, and with your father’s relationship, I was undoubtedly a suspicious person. It was in 1961 that I went to the municipal Communist Party reform unit, which was a labor education unit in Hangzhou, working in the technical department.”) After Feng Hu was rehabilitated in 1982 and restored to cadre status, in 1975 or 1976, Chen Jun made every effort to find Feng Hu’s son Chen Pei and finally found his nephew Chen Pei in an earthquake shed in Tianjin.

Because he only met Hu Feng once, he was classified as an ordinary member during the Hu Feng Incident in 1955. In 1957, during the Rectification Movement, he raised the issue of his own conviction in the Hu Feng Incident. He was then determined to be “pleading for the Hu Feng case,” dismissed from his work unit, and sent to a Hebei tea house for re-education through labor, with a record of labor re-education punishment. During the three-year disaster period, due to edema, he was able to return to Beijing and was controlled by the local neighborhood committee. Afterwards, he was transferred to Pixian County in northern Sichuan under the guise of supporting northern Sichuan, where he continued to work on the farm. In 1980, shortly after his rehabilitation, he worked at the Pixian County Cultural Center, and later transferred to the Shanghai Society Journal of Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Social Sciences as an editor.

Born in 1929, she was the sister of Xu Junqing. Her father Zhang Xinchang was a doctor of law who studied in the United States. During the Anti-Japanese War in 1937, the whole family fled to the countryside of Wujiang, and later returned to Shanghai. In 1945, her father ran away with his second wife, leading to the family’s decline. Zhang Junyan’s eldest son developed schizophrenia in 1976 due to issues with his family background and employment.

Lu Yu, born on October 4, 1924, originally named Liu Zuyu, was from Chengdu, Sichuan. She graduated from Sichuan Provincial Higher Medical Vocational School. In April 1946, she joined the revolution and worked as a doctor in the medical room of Xinhua Daily in Chongqing. In 1949, she became a Chinese language teacher and class teacher at Beijing Hebei Normal School. In January 1950, she joined the Communist Party of China. In the autumn of 1950, she studied psychology at Renmin University of China. In 1951, she was transferred to become a psychology instructor. In 1952, after departmental adjustments, she was merged into the Education Department of Beijing Normal University as a psychology instructor and deputy secretary of the Youth League committee. In 1955, due to her husband Xie Tao being implicated in the Hu Feng case, and because of her beautiful handwriting, she helped transcribe the “Three Hundred Thousand Words” book, and was labeled an ordinary Hu Feng element. She was unable to teach and worked in the library, school hospital, and the First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Sichuan. In 1963, she was imprisoned for half a year for writing a document titled “Hu Feng is not a counter-revolutionary.” In the autumn of 1965, after the Hu Feng case was concluded, Xie Tao was released from prison, and they were reunited. In 1980, she was rehabilitated, her party membership was restored, and she became an associate researcher at the Institute of Youth Studies and the Institute of Sociology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. She retired in 1983.

Born on September 23, 1923 in Gudiancun, Wangdu County, Hebei Province, from a peasant family, originally named Wang Furu, pen name Lu Mei, Muqing, Wang Du. In 1937, when the Anti-Japanese War broke out, he fled to Henan Province. In early 1938, he entered the First National Middle School, which was a special school for displaced students. In early summer 1944, he taught in Yichuan County, Luoyang area. In September 1944, he was admitted to the National Academy of Arts in Chongqing to study art. In March 1945, he joined the Northeast Democratic Association led by Zhou Enlai, the secretary of the CPC Southern Bureau, and participated in launching and leading the student democratic movement at the Academy of Arts. In the same year, he met Hu Feng and began publishing poems in “Hope”. In June 1946, he entered the Liberated Area of Zhangjiakou. In November 1948, he joined the Communist Party. In early 1949, he completed the play “Red Flag Song”. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, from October 1949 to May 1955, he served as a creator in three creative studios of the Central Drama Academy, the Bureau of Culture and Art Research, and the Chinese Dramatists Association. In 1955, he was labeled as a “general member of the Hu Feng Counter-revolutionary Clique”, expelled from the Party, and administratively demoted by three levels. During the Cultural Revolution, he was further punished by the rebellious faction of the Chinese Dramatists Association and the propaganda team, and was redefined as a “backbone member”, subject to “mass supervision and labor reform”. He was sent to the Tuanbaodun Labor Reform Farm by the Jinghai School of the Ministry of Culture. In February 1980, he was rehabilitated, his Party membership was restored, his original level was restored, and he was appointed as deputy editor-in-chief and editor of the China Theater Publishing House. He retired in 1989.

Born in 1928 (Year of the Dragon). During the Hu Feng Incident in 1955, Xu Junxin was detained at the public security bureau, and at that time, Qian Zheng happened to be working at the public security bureau. In the 1980s, Qian Zheng went to work at the Suzhou Museum, where he was a colleague of Xu Junxin.

Originally named Chen Shoumei (1907-1967). A native of Hangzhou, he enrolled at the Shanghai Industrial College in 1929. In 1933, he was admitted to the 10th class of the Whampoa Military Academy. At this time, influenced by the underground party, his thoughts gradually leaned towards revolution, and he published works in magazines such as “Literature”. At the beginning of the War of Resistance, he participated in the Battle of Shanghai as a second lieutenant and was wounded, writing the reportage literature “The First Strike” reflecting this battle. After graduating from the National Army University, he served as a tactics instructor. He took advantage of his position in the Kuomintang military system to pass a large amount of military intelligence to Hu Feng, who forwarded it to the party, and sheltered and assisted many revolutionary comrades in transferring to Yan’an. At this time, he also wrote a large number of poems and essays, which were published in “July” and “Hope”. After liberation, he served as the head of the Tianjin Literary Federation Creation Group and the editor-in-chief of the Tianjin Writers Association. On May 28, 1955, he was arrested due to the Hu Feng Case and was designated as a “backbone element”. In February 1966, he was sentenced to 12 years in prison. A Lue was called “the only one among six billion people”. In prison, for 12 years, he insisted on saying that the Hu Case was a personal framing, a destruction of truth. He did not admit guilt! Before the verdict, the court treated him as a formidable enemy, fearing that he would tell the truth in court. In the end, A Lue refused to speak and was handcuffed and taken down from the court. On March 15, 1967, he died of osteomyelitis in the prison hospital.

Born in 1923. Married to A Long in 1944.

Born in 1931, an expert on Lu Xun studies and editor. Native of Changsha, Hunan. Served as editor-in-chief of Hunan People’s Publishing House. Major works include: A Brief Biography of Lu Xun, A Glimpse of Lu Xun’s Manuscripts, Leaving a Riddle for You to Guess, The Young Scholar in a Great Era – Zhu Zheng’s Oral Autobiography, and others.

Born in 1969 in Sanmen, Zhejiang. Entered the Chinese Department of Peking University in 1986. Remained at the university as a teacher from 1993 until present. Obtained a Ph.D. in Literature from Peking University in July 2002. Published the book “Between Literature and Ideology – A Study of Hu Feng” by Renmin University Press in November 2003.

In 1942 or 1943, due to his love of reading, Xia Xisheng (who was studying at Wuxian Middle School at the time) met Xu Junjing (who was studying at Guanghua Middle School) in an old bookstore. In 1955, he was implicated in the Hu Feng incident (to an unknown extent). In 1959, he and Lu Xian were labeled as rightist opportunists and were sent to work in Suliang, performing physical labor. In 1962, he was rehabilitated, and after rehabilitation, he joined the workforce. Shortly after the start of the Cultural Revolution, he was sent to work in northern Jiangsu province, where he stayed for eight years.

A native of Wujiang, Zhejiang Province, born in 1933. In 1945, he entered the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region, and in 1947, he participated in publicity work when Shijiazhuang was liberated. In 1955, he graduated from the Russian Department of Renmin University of China. He has taught at the Beijing Russian Language Institute and the Foreign Languages Department of Shandong University. He is currently a professor at Beijing Normal University and a renowned scholar. He has visited Russia many times. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, he reviewed a large number of historical archives of the former Soviet Union. He is the author of “The Ark of Life Shattered by Reality”.

Born on November 30, 1920 in Wuchang, Hubei (originally from Jiangling, Hubei). In 1936, he joined the Chinese National Liberation Vanguard Corps in Beiping (Beijing), and in early 1938, he joined the Communist Party of China. In 1942, he served as a member of the underground Party Literature Committee and acting secretary in Shanghai. In the early 1950s, he taught at Zhongda (now Nanjing University) and Fudan University. In 1955, when the Hu Feng Incident broke out, he was labeled as a “core member of the Hu Feng Counter-revolutionary Clique” in 1959.

Born in the ????s, she joined the underground Communist Party in Sichuan in the 1930s. In 1945, she came to know Feng Hu through sending him articles, then fled to the liberated area to escape persecution by the Kuomintang, but was mistaken for a Kuomintang spy and detained. After liberation, she followed the troops to Qingdao and worked in the education bureau and a government school. She founded Qingdao No. 5 Middle School and Qingdao No. 6 Middle School, serving as an administrative leader for four years, but without an official title because she was suspected of being a Kuomintang member and was not formally appointed. She worked without an official title. In 1955, she was imprisoned for a year due to the Hu Feng case. During the Anti-Rightist Movement in 1957, she was labeled an extreme rightist for repeatedly appealing and was expelled from her job, sent to labor in a reservoir. During the Cultural Revolution, she suffered severe persecution, being branded a spy and traitor, and was imprisoned. After the end of the Cultural Revolution, she was released. In 1986, with the help of He Jingzhi, her party membership was restored.

Born in May 1929 in Suzhou, lost his father at a young age, his mother was a worker at a silk mill and often unemployed. She passed away in poverty and illness shortly before the liberation. At the age of 14, Ouyang Zhuang attended junior high school for half a semester in Wuxian County before dropping out and becoming a child worker at a wool textile mill in Shanghai. At 16, he returned to Suzhou and became an apprentice at a dyeing and weaving factory. At 18, he worked as a night watchman at a construction company in Nanjing. During his time in Shanghai, he often went to libraries, and after returning to Suzhou, he joined the “Wenxin Library”, read some Marxist-Leninist books and literary works, which influenced his path for life. From March 1948 to March 1949, he successively worked with Xu Guangyong, Wu Renxiong, and Hua Tie to edit and publish issues 1 to 6 of the “Ant Anthology”, and published some works under the pen name Liang Feng. In March 1949, he and Hua Tie were arrested by the Kuomintang but were rescued from prison. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1947, and in 1950 became the party branch secretary of the Xiaguan Power Plant in Nanjing. At around 5 a.m. on May 16, 1955, he was arrested due to the Hu Feng incident, and in 1965 was “exempted from prosecution” and released. After the Cultural Revolution broke out, he continued to undergo labor reform at a farm. In 1980, he was vindicated and returned to his original factory as the factory director.

1915-1996, originally named Zhu Ming, from Wuxi County, Jiangsu Province, wife of Peng Baizhan. In the summer vacation of 1936, she began to participate in the student movement in her hometown. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, she drifted to various places to carry out national salvation work. In January 1939, she served as a reporter for Dagongbao in Chongqing. After leaving Dagongbao for a year, she joined the New Fourth Army in 1941 and joined the Communist Party of China. She engaged in news work at various bases in East China for nearly 10 years. In 1940, while recruiting soldiers for the New Fourth Army, she was arrested by the Japanese and escaped from prison eight months later with the help of the local underground party. In November 1941, she married Peng Baizhan. In February 1952, she was admitted to the advanced Russian class at the Shanghai Russian College and studied Russian. In 1953, she was assigned to the Shanghai Film Translation Factory as a translator. In 1955, she was implicated in the Hu Feng incident and suffered greatly. During the Cultural Revolution, she was labeled a traitor. She was rehabilitated in 1978 and passed away in 1996.

1910-1968, novelist, politician. Original name Peng Bingshan, from Chaling, Hunan. In 1913, he joined the Communist Youth League. The same year, he joined the Left-Wing Writers’ Alliance. In 1938, he returned to Shanghai and was appointed secretary of the Popular Education Committee of the Left-Wing Writers’ Alliance the following year. In the autumn of 1938, he went to southern Anhui, where he served as the head of the Mass Movement Department of the Political Department of the New Fourth Army, director of the Political Department of the Joint Anti-Japanese Army in Northern Jiangsu, and deputy political commissar of the First Column of the First Army Group of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Military Region, among other positions. During the Liberation War, he served as the political commissar of the 48th Regiment of the Sixth Column of the Third Field Army, deputy political commissar of the 16th Division, and deputy political commissar of the 24th Army. In the spring of 1952, he became the deputy director of the Cultural Department of the East China Military and Political Committee and the director of the Propaganda Department of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China. On the morning of May 19, 1955, he was arrested due to the Hu Feng case. He was released from prison in late 1956 and exiled to Qinghai in the autumn of 1959, where he had no position and could only work as a librarian at the Qinghai Normal University Library. In December 1961, he was transferred to Xiamen University as a teacher. In mid-October 1965, the Ministry of Education directly ordered him to work as a librarian at the library of Henan Agricultural University in Zhengzhou. On April 3, 1968, he was persecuted to death by Red Guards.

Xu Junqing (1928-1998) was from Wujiang, Jiangsu. In his youth, he pursued progress and loved literature and arts. He wrote poems, essays, etc. published in newspapers in Jiangsu and other places. In May 1947, he joined the underground Communist organization in Suzhou. After the liberation of Suzhou, he first worked at the Xinsuzhou Newspaper, and then was transferred to be a clerk and work on grassroots party and youth organization in the light industry system. In 1955, the third batch of materials on the Hu Feng Counter-Revolutionary Clique included a letter written by Ouyang Zhuang to Hu Feng, saying “There is a comrade in Suzhou that can be talked to…” After investigation, this comrade referred to Xu Junqing. In May 1956, Xu Junqing was identified by the Suzhou Provincial Committee’s 10-person small group as an “ordinary member of the Hu Feng Counter-Revolutionary Clique,” given a 2-year probationary party membership, and removed from the municipal party committee office to work as an ordinary teacher. In 1958, because he “did not admit guilt,” he was labeled a “bad element” and sent to labor education for 3 years. He was sent to the coastal farm in northern Jiangsu, and after more than a year, to the Tangkumu Labor Reform Farm in Qinghai. In June 1961, due to 3 years of natural disasters, he was sent back to Suzhou and had no means of living. Unwilling to burden his family, he wandered the streets until a friend helped him find work at the Suzhou Vegetable Farm. Later, he worked raising pigs at the Tianping Orchard for 15 years. He was acquitted in March 1979 and assigned to work at the Suzhou Museum in October 1980. Around 1985 (not very certain), a dignified widowed woman sympathized with and admired him. Xu Junqing also liked her, but was concerned that his chronic gastrointestinal disease would be a burden, so they agreed that if his health improved in half a year, they would get married, but he declined her after half a year. In May 1985, he retired early, and on May 10, 1988, he committed suicide by hanging himself.

In 1947, he met Xu Junting. In May 1955, he was isolated and interrogated due to the Hu Feng case (because Xu Junting was a member of our underground party branch, our underground party branch had four people, Tang Chongkai was the branch secretary, the others were Xu Junting, Xia Xisheng, me, and Shen Zhizhou was individually connected. He did not participate in our branch activities, he was individually connected. It was very difficult for the underground party to participate in branch activities, generally they were individually connected, you were allowed to participate together only if you were highly trusted, otherwise if some people had problems, these few people would be doomed. At that time, our branch had four people, among these four people, when Tang Chongkai went to Nanjing, he visited Lu Ling, and he also suggested that the “Ant Miscellany” published by Ouyang Zhuang came from the Wenxin Library, to Nanjing. I don’t know if Ouyang Zhuang joined the party at the Wenxin Library, because it was also an individual connection, I didn’t know several communists. Ouyang Zhuang joined the party at the Wenxin Library, Tang Chongkai ran there and suggested starting the “Ant Miscellany”, and he also went to meet Lu Ling, and Xu Junting also went to Nanjing and met Lu Ling. Ouyang Zhuang’s letter also mentioned Xu Junting. Of course, under such circumstances, it was natural for us to accept interrogation.) He was isolated for more than a year, released after the Spring Festival in 1956. During the isolation period, he was kept in a single room in the Propaganda Department with one person guarding him day and night to prevent suicide. During the Anti-Rightist Movement, because he expressed opinions on the Great Leap Forward, he was considered to have rightist opportunist tendencies, and was rehabilitated in 1961. In the 1980s, he worked at the Economic Research Center of the Municipal Government. Now he is the director of the Municipal Government Research Office.

Shu Wu, whose original name was Fang Guan, student name Fang Guide, and pen name Shu Wu, was born on July 2, 1922 in Tongcheng County, Anhui Province, his hometown. In 1937, he graduated from junior high school at Tongcheng Middle School. From 1937 to 1939, he studied at Anhui Provincial Anqing High School, Anhui Provincial Third Temporary High School, and National Ninth High School.

He began teaching in 1940. In the 1940s, through Lu Ling (unclear exactly which year), he met Hu Feng and became one of the main contributors to the journal “Hope”. Before 1949, he was an associate professor at Nanning Normal College. After liberation, he became the principal of Nanning High School (later renamed Nanning Middle School). On May 2, 1952, Shu Wu publicly criticized Lu Ling by name in an article titled “Learn from the Beginning ‘Talks at the Yan’an Forum on Literature and Art’” in Changjiang Daily, signifying his break with Hu Feng and Lu Ling. On June 8, this article was reprinted in People’s Daily, and the editor’s note first mentioned the concept of the “small group” led by Hu Feng. Afterwards, Shu Wu also published an “Open Letter to Lu Ling” in Literary Gazette. At the invitation of Beijing, in December 1952, Shu Wu participated in a meeting chaired by Zhou Yang at the China Writers’ Association in Dongtong Hutong, Beijing, with only a few people attending, to help Hu Feng rectify his thinking. This was Shu Wu’s “uprising”. In 1953, Shu Wu was transferred to work in Beijing, serving as editor, proofreader at the People’s Literature Publishing House, and proofreader at the Chinese Social Sciences journal of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. On April 13, 1955, Shu Wu published an article titled “The Anti-Party and Anti-People Essence of Hu Feng’s Literary Thought” in People’s Daily. At the same time, when an editor came to solicit contributions, Shu Wu presented letters from Hu Feng from the 1940s, which were then forwarded to Yuan Shuaipai. Subsequently, Shu Wu classified and annotated the letters according to instructions. On May 13, 1955, by Mao Zedong’s decision, the “Some Materials on the Anti-Party Group of Hu Feng” compiled by Shu Wu and Hu Feng’s self-criticism were published on the second and third pages of People’s Daily, with an editor’s note written by Mao Zedong himself.

He was labeled a rightist in 1957. During the Cultural Revolution, his wife was beaten to death.

He retired in 1986. From 1937, he published writings in newspapers and magazines, and starting in 1946, he published books, including collections of thematic essays such as “Dream Records” (later renamed “Dream of the Red Chamber”), “The Rights and Wrongs of Zhou Zuoren”, “Return to May Fourth”, “Poor Woman”, essay collections such as “Hanging Sword Collection” and “New Hanging Sword Collection”, and prose collections such as “Books and Reality”, “Miscellaneous Reading”, and “Can’t Help Being Emotional”. In 2001, Hebei People’s Publishing House published the eight-volume “Shu Wu Collection”, which basically includes all his writings over his lifetime. There is also an oral autobiography “Shu Wu Oral Autobiography” recorded by Xu Fulu. He currently lives in Beijing.